Doctrinal Statement of Temple Baptist Church
The Word of God (Bibliology)
We believe and teach that the Holy Scripture, as represented
in the sixty-six books of the Bible (i.e. the Protestant Canon),
constitutes the infallible and authoritative Word of God.
God has revealed Himself to man generally (i.e. in nature and
conscience), but these avenues are insufficient for salvation
because of man's persistent resistance (Romans 1:18-2:16).
However, in the course of human history, our gracious God has
also revealed Himself particularly through a variety of modes
(Hebrews 1:1-4), all of which are made known to us through
the Scriptures.
These Scriptures constitute God's special revelation to
mankind. They are God-breathed (2 Timothy 3:16), and
thereby, are absolutely inerrant and infallible in the original
autographs. Like the Living Word of God (i.e. Christ) the
written Word of God is fully divine and yet genuinely human.
The Holy Spirit superintended a variety of human authors,
including their personalities, backgrounds, and styles
(Jeremiah 1:5; Galatians 1:15-17) resulting in the production
of God's book, the Bible (2 Peter 1:20-21).
Although we do not have in our possession the original
documents (i.e. the autographic originals), God in His
providence has preserved thousands of subsequent copies
which perpetuate the Hebrew, Aramaic, and Greek portions of
the Bible. Therefore, through the process of textual criticism it
is possible to reconstruct texts which very accurately reflect
the original documents.
We believe and teach that although no one text-type or any
particular version derived from it necessarily represents the
autographs identically at every place, many of the various
traditional and contemporary English translations should be
looked upon as being reliable conveyers of God's Word to
mankind.
In the light of all these truths, the Bible is fully authoritative,
i.e. it alone is our infallible rule for faith and all practice
(Deuteronomy 32:44-47; Isaiah 1:10; 8:16,20; 30:8; 34:16;
40:6-8; Jeremiah 23:29; Zechariah 7:12; Matthew 4:4,7,10;
5:17-19; John 10:35; 2 Timothy 3:15-17; Hebrews 4:12-13).
This full authority of the Scriptures also demands that the
Bible be handled with the utmost Spirit-enlightened precision
(2 Timothy 2:15). Consequently, it is the total Word itself that
must be expounded and proclaimed unashamedly (Acts 20:18-32; 2 Timothy 4:2). This is absolutely essential, since the
Spirit uses the words from His Word to accomplish genuine
results which endure for time and eternity (Joshua 1:7-8;
Nehemiah 8:2-9 3; Psalms 19:7-8; 119; Jeremiah 5:14; Ezekiel
1:1-3; 2:7; 3:4-11; Romans 1:16; 1 Corinthians 1:18,24;
1 Thessalonians 1:2-10; 2:13; 1 Peter 1:22-25; 4:11).
Believing unreservedly in the total truth and trustworthiness of
Scripture, I employ the literal-grammatical-historical method
of interpretation. Such a literal, or normal method as it is
sometimes called, does recognize the Bible's varieties of
expression and literary forms; however, these vehicles of
revelation find themselves in service to, not in contradiction
with , the Word's incontestable clarity and irreproachable
historicity.
In application to theology, these great truths about the Bible,
demand that believers neither fall behind nor charge out ahead
of the Scriptural data upon which doctrine is based and
expressed.
The God of the Word
We believe and teach that there is but one true, eternally
existing God. This unique God is Triune, being one in essence
(Deuteronomy 6:4), and yet existing, ever and always, in three
Persons, the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit (Isaiah 48:16;
Matthew 28:19). Functional subordinations within the Trinity
never stand opposed to the full Deity that each of the Persons
possesses.
God the Father (Theology Proper)
We believe and teach that God the Father is the Archetype
(i.e. the perfect pattern) of all fatherhoods (Ephesians 3:15).
This relational metaphor of Father applies not only to His
unique Person within the fellowship of the Trinity but also in a
derived sense in reference to all of creation (Romans 11:36; 1
Corinthians 8:6a; Ephesians 4:6). As Father, He is the
sovereign Architect of both creation (including personal
beings, time, space, and history) and re-creation, i.e. salvation
(Ephesians 1:3-14).
The attributes of God as revealed in His Word give us various
perspectives on the Father. His essential spirituality or
personality (John 4:24) is well attested through affirmations
and indications of His being self-conscious (Exodus 3:14),
alive and active (Deuteronomy 5:26; John 5:17,26), intelligent
(1 Samuel 2:3), emotional (Deuteronomy 5:9; Hosea 11:8;
Romans 1:18), purposive (Isaiah 14:26-27; Ephesians 3:11),
and free (Psalm 135:6; Daniel 4:35; Romans 9:18).
He exhibits an array of attributes (Exodus 34:5-7;
Deuteronomy 7:9-10; 32:3-4; 1 Kings 8:22ff; Psalm 145:8ff;
Nahum 1:2-8). Those which display His incomparable Deity,
such as His self-existence or aseity, infinitude (including
eternality, omnipresence {everything is totally exposed before
Him}, omniscience {everything is fully known by Him}, and
omnipotence {He is all-powerful over everything}),
immutability (His unchanging purpose), and
incomprehensibility (no creature can fully fathom His Person)
(respectively, Exodus 3:14; Psalms 90:2, 139:7-10; Hebrews
4:13; Revelation 11:17; Malachi 3:6; Isaiah 55:8-9) are
appropriately labeled attributes of greatness. Characteristics
such as these are God's unique possessions (Isaiah 45:5-6) and
are therefore incommunicable (i.e. non-transferable). He also
richly displays communicable (or moral) attributes, i.e.
characteristics of His goodness, such as justice or
righteousness, grace (including His love, beneficence,
restraint), and fidelity (respectively, Genesis 18:25; Psalms
103:4,13; 119:68; 2 Peter 3:9,15; Lamentations 3:23). All of
these particular attributes are circumscribed by His absolute
holiness (Leviticus 11:44; Isaiah 6:3; John 17:11) and utter
perfection (Matthew 5:48).
In view of His attributes of greatness, He is transcendent (i.e.
He is over, above, and beyond all creatures) in Being (Psalm
113:1-5; Isaiah 57:15a); however, from the perspective of His
qualities of goodness, He is nevertheless genuinely immanent
(i.e. He is actively concerned about all His creatures) (Psalm
113:6-9; Isaiah 57:15b).
God the Son (Christology)
We believe and teach that the second Person of the Godhead
is eternally of the same essence of Being as the Father (John
10:30; 14:9). This full Deity of our Lord Jesus Christ is
attested in various ways. He is called "God" (John 1:1; 20:28;
Romans 9:5), "son of God" in the Semitic sense of sameness
of nature (John 5:18; 10:33; 19:7), "the Lord" 1 Corinthians
2:8), "the Holy One" (Acts 3:14 with Isaiah 48:17), "the First
and the Last" (Revelation 1:17-18 with Isaiah 44:6), "the
Alpha and Omega"(Revelation 22:13,16 with 1:8), and "the
Amen" (Revelation 3:14). Also, He is especially recognized as
Creator, Sustainer, and Savior (John 1:3; Colossians 1:15-17;
Hebrews 1:2; Titus 2:13). In His preincarnate appearances He
was known in the Old Testament both as "Lord" (Genesis
18:1-2,22) and as "the Angel of the "Lord" (Genesis 16:7).
His attributes of greatness and goodness also correspond to the
Father's.
Without surrendering His full Deity--His emptying of Himself
in Philippians 2:5-8 was not of His divine essence but
pertained to the independent exercise of His Divine
prerogatives during the First Advent--through the incarnation
(John 1:14) which was initiated by the Virgin Birth, or
Miraculous Conception, when He took upon Himself genuine
humanity (Hebrews 2:9-18). He thereby became the unique
God-man who consequently is the perfect Revealor, Savior,
Mediator, and ultimately the Judge of all men (respectively,
John 1:18; Titus 2:13; 1 Timothy 2:5; John 5:27). Through this
loving condescension He fully accomplished His task of grace
which culminated in His sacrificial death, burial, resurrection,
and ascension, furnishing the ground for the forgiveness of
believing sinners (respectively, Isaiah 52:13-53:12; Romans
6:1-11; Romans 1:4; 4:25; Acts 1:9).
Today He is building His church (Matthew 16:18) and
continually ministers to her as the heavenly Advocate
(Hebrews 7:25; 1 John 2:1). He will return for His bride at the
Rapture (1 Thessalonians 4:13-18), then will subsequently
establish His millennial kingdom reigning on the throne of
David (Luke 1:31-33; Revelation 20). Furthermore, He will
adjudicate, or decree, the reward and retribution of all people
(Acts 17:30-31; 2 Corinthians 5:10; Revelation 20:11-15).
God the Spirit (Pneumatology)
We believe and teach that the Holy Spirit, the Third Person of
the Godhead, is equal in nature with God the Father and God
the Son (Acts 5:3-4; 1 Corinthians 12:4-11, 18; 2 Corinthians
13:14). His divine Personhood is attested by many references
to His attributes of greatness and goodness. In His role of
functional subordination within the economy of the Trinity, He
bears divine witness to the Person and work of Christ in this
age (John 15:26). In His relationship to the Scriptures, the
Holy Spirit is their divine Author and Applier (2 Samuel 23:2;
John 14:25-26; 16:13; 1 Corinthians 2:6-16; Ephesians 6:17; 2
Peter 1:21).
He is the predominate divine Agent in the Father's plan of
salvation through the work of the Son (John 3:1-10; 16:8-11).
The Holy Spirit has always been active in regeneration and
renewal, i.e. in personal salvation and sanctification. He is
vitally associated with our adoption, sealing and service
(Romans 8:12-17; Ephesians 1:13; 5:18).
Historically, the Spirit was intimately involved in the church's
birth at Pentecost (Acts 2:1-4). In this present age, all genuine
disciples are baptized into Him (by Christ) thus uniting them
into one Body, the Universal Church (1 Corinthians 12:13;
Ephesians 4:4).
Creation, Preservation and Providence
We believe and teach that God created out of nothing the
physical universe and all that it contains, including
metaphysical beings, in six literal days (Genesis 1:1-31;
Exodus 20:11; Colossians 1:16; Hebrews 11:3). He also
sustains for His own purposes the whole of that which He has created (Colossians 1:17; Hebrews 1:3).
We also believe and teach the sovereign providence of God
(Psalms 103:19; 135:6; Isaiah 14:26-27; Daniel 4:34-35;
Romans 8:28; Ephesians 1:11). His absolute sway is all
inclusive, including, for example, history (Daniel 2:20-21),
circumstances of life (James 4:13-15), duration of life (Job
14:5), manner of death (John 21:18-19), helpful acts of men
(Isaiah 44:28-45; 7), harmful acts of men (Genesis 45:4-8,
50:20; Acts 4:27-28), salvation of sinners (2 Thessalonians
2:13-14), perdition of ungodly men (Proverbs 16:4; Romans
9:22; 1 Peter 2:8; Jude 4), the greatest world events
(Revelation 13:8), seemingly trivial circumstances (Proverbs
16:33; Matthew 10:29-30), etc. These truths, however, never
nullify the responsibilities of created, moral beings (Acts 2:22-23).
Angels (Angelology)
We believe and teach the existence of angels which were
apparently the first issue of God's creation (Job 38:6-7 with
Genesis 1:1; Exodus 20:11; Nehemiah 9:6; Colossians 1:16).
In relation to men, these created spirit beings currently have
greater powers (2 Peter 2:11), and yet, elect angels minister on
behalf of elect people (Hebrews 1:14). Furthermore, someday
redeemed people will judge angels (1 Corinthians 6:3).
Morally, angels may be classified under two headings: holy or
elect angels (Mark 8:38; 1 Timothy 5:21) and fallen angels
(Matthew 25:41). There also seems to be various hierarchies of
angels; for example, archangels (Michael, Jude 9), special
attendants (Genesis 3:24; Isaiah 6:2,6), and designations in
series (Colossians 1:16; Ephesians 3:10; 1 Peter 3:22).
At the head of all fallen angels stands Satan (Job 1:6-9, 12;
Matthew 4:10). He is also called the devil (Matthew
4:1,5,8,11; 25:41; Revelation 12:9), the serpent (Genesis 3:1-4, 14-15 with Romans 16:20; 2 Corinthians 11:3; Revelation
12:9), the dragon (Revelation 12:9; 20:2), Beelzebub
(Matthew 3:22), Abaddon or Apollyon (Revelation 9:11),
Belial (2 Corinthians 6:15), the evil one (Matthew 13:19,39; 1
John 5:19), the tempter (Matthew 4:3), the ruler/prince
(Matthew 12:24; John 12:31, Ephesians 2:2), the god of this
age (2 Corinthians 4:4), the accuser (Zechariah 3), the
adversary (1 Peter 5:8), the deceiver (Revelation 12:9), the
enemy (Matthew 13:25,28,39), murderer (John 8:44), father of
lies (John 8:44), a roaring lion (1 Peter 5:8-9), etc.
Subsequent to his creation he fell morally, and along with him
there followed a host of fallen angels some of which today are
bound while others are demons (Matthew 12:24; 25:41;
Revelation 9:1-11). He then became the subtle instigator of
mankind's fall (Genesis 3; Romans 16:20). Currently, he
roams the earth, but his ultimate end is guaranteed by the
finished work of Christ. He will be cast to earth during the
Tribulation (Revelation 12:7-12), and then incarcerated during
the Millennium (Revelation 20:1-3). After a temporary release
and a final expression of rebellion (Revelation 20:7-8), he and
his henchmen will be eternally consigned to the lake of fire
(Revelation 20:10).
Although believers are in union with Christ we are not to be
presumptuous so as to seek to engage the Archenemy and his
host. Our call is to be aware of his methods (2 Corinthians
2:11), stand defensively in the provisions of God (Ephesians
6:10-18), and resist, not charge, him (James 4:7).
Man and Sin (Anthropology and Hamartiology)
We believe and teach that man is a direct product of the
creative handiwork of God (Genesis 2:7). God created
mankind in and according to His own image and likeness
(Genesis 1:26-27), and even after the fall, no matter how
thoroughly distorted that image has become, it was not
eradicated (Genesis 9:6; James 3:9).
The reality of the image and likeness of God indicates that
man, via his original creation, resembles God in certain
characteristics and capacities which are prerequisite for
horizontal and vertical relationships and also for mankind's
exercise of dominion over the rest of the earth. The grace of
God in salvation, sanctification, and glorification focuses on
the renewing of this image until it is finally perfect and
eternally established (Romans 8:29; 2 Corinthians 3:18).
Both male and female equally bear the image of God.
Although they share the same essence of being, there are
nevertheless functional distinctions and subordinations (a
similar phenomenon within the Trinity). These differences,
biblically based upon creation, not cultural biases, are
significant for both our families and our flock (1 Corinthians
11:1-16; Ephesians 5:22-33; 1 Timothy 2:8-15; Titus 2:3-5; 1
Peter 3:1-6).
God's intention for male and female image-bearers is that they
be united as a couple into one indissoluble bond, graphically
designated "one flesh" (i.e. marriage), for the purpose of
companionship and so that they might be fruitful and multiply,
God was pleased to ordain marriage permanently as the first
institution for mankind. Each of the relational partners, in the
design of God, is to complement the other in all areas of being
(Genesis 2:18-25). This is why the sin of homosexuality, being
"against nature" (Romans 1:26), violates the original order,
and therefore all who practice it stand under the condemnation
of God. The only remedy, as in the case of all sin and sins, is
God's gracious salvation appropriated by biblical repentance
documented by the fruit of obedience (1 Corinthians 6:9-11).
Concerning marriage, it is first a covenant commitment in the
presence of God (Genesis 2:24; Malachi 2:10-14).
Historically, legal and/or civil recognitions have also lent a
joint-witness to its covenant promises, and its sexual
consummation may be regarded as the final seal.
Concerning the family, it is the pinnacle picture of the one
true, triune God (Genesis 1:27; 2:24-25; Deuteronomy 6:1-9;
Malachi 2:13-17; Ephesians 5:31-32). As such, the human
family was designed according to an ordered, hierarchical
structure characterized by humble submission: husband to
God, wife to husband, children to parents (Genesis 1-2; 1
Corinthians 11:1-16; Galatians 3:28; Ephesians 5:21-6:4; 1
Timothy 2:8-15; Titus 2:1-5).
Concerning divorce, quite obviously, due to the fall, the
intended harmony of the marriage relationship often suffers,
and furthermore no "innocent party" has survived sin's
ravages. Consequently, there entered among the professing,
theocratic people of God (i.e. Israel) legislation permitting
divorce (Matthew 19:7-8; it should also be noted that
Deuteronomy 24:1-4 is not a law pertaining to divorce in
general). However, God's perspective (Malachi 2:16) and
desire have never shifted (Matthew 19:6). Death alone is
regarded as breaking the bond which God has decreed
(Romans 7:1-3).
The "exception clauses" (Matthew 5:32; 19:9; of the parallels
in Mark 10:11ff and Luke 16:18 where no exceptions are
listed) are both in contexts instigated by rabbinic
preoccupations. Christ's true disciples, however, should not
be concerned with searching for loop-holes but with doing
what pleases the heart of God. This proper attitude and
commitment framed the whole of our Lord's Sermon on the
Mount (of Matthew 5:20). Consequently and ideally, divorce
should never be an option for one who professes to honor
God's Word and will. He or she, if the partner is seeking a
divorce, has only one option and that is to pursue a
reconciliation. However, should the other partner leave then
the child of God is no longer under the bondage of the
marriage covenant (1 Corinthians 7:8-16).
Through Adam's one act of disobedience, he not only fell from
his estate of innocence into one of separation and alienation
from God, but as our representative, he also plunged the whole
race into sin and death (Genesis 2:17; 3:1-7; Romans 5:12-21).
Consequently, all persons from their conception and birth, are
innately unholy and stand condemned by condition (Psalm
51:5; Ephesians 2:1,3) and commission (Romans 1:18-3:20)
before their Creator and Judge.
Man's depravity is total in breadth (1 Kings 8:46; Psalm 14:1-3; Isaiah 1:2-6; 53:6; Romans 3:9-20) and depth (Ecclesiastes
9:3b; Jeremiah 17:9; Mark 7:14-23). Furthermore, all the
faculties of man's heart, i.e. rational, volitional, emotional,
etc., are morally tainted by sin and perversity (Genesis 6:5;
Ecclesiastes 7:29; Ephesians 4:17-19) leaving mankind utterly
hopeless and helpless in reference to any kind of human
reformation or rescue (Isaiah 64:5; Jeremiah 13:23; 1
Corinthians 2:14; Colossians 1:21-22).
These realities are not only crucial for an accurate theology but
also for a biblically acceptable methodology for ministry (1
Corinthians 2:1-5).
Salvation (Soteriology)
We believe and teach that the salvation of sinful men
ultimately depends upon the sovereign grace of God (Romans
9:16; Ephesians 2:8-9). This great truth, however, never
nullifies or diminishes the sinner's responsibility of
appropriation nor the servant's responsibility of
communication (Romans 10:8-15). As a matter of fact, the
Bible always makes clear its prerequisite for true faith and
repentance as substantiated by a genuine commitment and as
confirmed by evidences of obedience. Biblical Christianity is
discipleship (Matthew 28:19,20; Luke 9:23-26,62; 14:25-35;
Acts 11:26).
God's sovereign plan of salvation was divinely drafted in
eternity past (Ephesians 1:4; Revelation 13:8), including all of
its provisions (the work of Christ and the Spirit) and processes
(Titus 3:3-7). Furthermore, on an individual, historical basis,
His gracious intervention stands behind all the stages of
salvation, i.e. past, present (sanctification), and future
(glorification) (Romans 8:29-30).
Some vital constituents of His salvation plan include
unconditional election (Deuteronomy 7:6-8; Amos 3:2; John
15:16; Acts 13:48; Ephesians 1:5,11; 2 Thessalonians 2:13;
2 Timothy 2:10; 1 Peter 1:1-2), effectual calling (John 6:44-45; Romans 9:11; 1 Thessalonians 2:12; 2 Thessalonians
2:14), regeneration (Deuteronomy 30:6; Jeremiah 31:31-34;
John 3:1-10; Titus 3:5; James 1:18; 1 Peter 1:23), adoption
(Romans 8:15; Ephesians 1:5), justification (Genesis 15:6;
Habakkuk 2:4; Romans 3:20,24,26,30; 4:1-5), faith (Genesis
15:6; Jeremiah 17:7; Romans 10:9-10; Ephesians 2:8;
Hebrews 11:1; James 2), repentance (2 Kings 17:13;
Lamentations 5:21; Luke 24:47; Acts 11:1; 20:21), conversion
(Acts 15:19; 26:18) sanctification (Leviticus 20:22-26; John
17:17,19; Acts 20:32; Ephesians 1:4; 5:26; 1 Thessalonians
4:3; Hebrews 2:11; 10:10; 12:14), eternal security
complemented by perseverance (including all means, be they in
the form of assurance or warning (Romans 8, Philippians 1:6;
2 Timothy 2:19; Hebrews 6:4-6; 10:26-27), etc.
The Church (Ecclesiology)
We believe and teach that in the current era, commencing at
Pentecost (Acts 2), Christ is building His Church (Matthew
16:18). The Church of which Christ is the Head (Ephesians
1:22; Colossians 1:18) is variously depicted as His Body
(Romans 12:5; 1 Corinthians 12:13), His Bride (2 Corinthians
11:2), a building, spiritual house, or sanctuary (1 Corinthians
3:9, 16-17; 6:19; 2 Corinthians 6:16; Ephesians 2:20-22;
Colossians 2:7; 1 Peter 2:5), branches of which He is the life
source (John 15:1-8), the flock of the Shepherd (John 10:11; 1
Peter 2:25), etc. This Church exists both universally (i.e. the
total number of genuine disciples throughout Church history)
and locally (i.e. historically in localized assemblies).
Although salvation is bestowed and appropriated individually,
the scriptural focus is always upon the corporate Body within
which the individual is to be a complementary, contributing
member (Romans 12:3-8; 1 Corinthians 12:4-27). Christ
establishes and oversees this unity and diversity in order that
the local Church might become the primary context for
worship and service, especially including edification and
evangelism (Ephesians 4:1-16). The primary purpose of the
Church, whether viewed from the local perspective or the
universal, is to glorify God (Ephesians 1:3-14; 3:21).
The Scriptures establish two categories of office within the
Church, elders (also designated overseers or bishops, and
pastor-teachers) and deacons (Philippians 1:1) to lead and
serve the flock under Christ. Those who serve in these
capacities must be qualified biblically (1 Timothy 3:1-13;
Titus 1:5-9; 1 Peter 5:1-5), for example, by being men of
noteworthy integrity (i.e. above reproach). They must be
characterized by an unwavering love and commitment to their
own wives. Deaconesses must be similarly qualified for
service within the Body (1 Timothy 3:11). The elders-overseers-pastors-teachers who have been given a divinely
delegated authority are especially accountable for the spiritual
welfare of their Master's flock. He will judge not only them
and their guidance of His sheep but also the flock's expected
submission to their spiritual direction (Hebrews 13:7,17).
Since the primary purpose of the Church is to glorify God, it is
His ordained context for both discipleship and discipline.
Everything in particular carried out under the Church's widely
prescribed auspices, must be done with the utmost propriety (1
Corinthians 14:40).
Within the context of its assembled fellowship (Acts 20:7; 1
Corinthians 14:19,23,28-35; Hebrews 10:24-25) the primary
ordinances of believer's baptism (Matthew 28:16-20; Romans
6:1-14) and communion (1 Corinthians 10:14-22; 11:17-34)
are to be perpetuated. It is also the context for preserving
purity (cf. Leviticus 11:44; 20:24-26; 1 Peter 1:14-16),
including the Scriptural obligations of discipline and
separation (Matthew 18:15-17; Romans 16:1-17; 1 Corinthians
5:1-8; 2 Corinthians 2:5-11; 6:14-7; Galatians 6:1; Ephesians
5:11-13; 1 Thessalonians 5:14; 2 Thessalonians 3:6-15; Titus
3:9-11; 2 John 7-11).
Each local church is independent or autonomous in status,
although there may be occasions of interdependence among
local assemblies of the same mind set and loyalty to the Lord
and His Word (e.g. Acts 15:19-31; Romans 15:26-27).
Last Things (Eschatology)
We believe and teach that the study of eschatology is to have
primarily an ethical affect on the people of God (1 John 2:28-33; 2 Peter 3:10-14).
Individual eschatology involves biblical considerations of
death, the intermediate state, resurrection, judgment, and the
final state. Personal conscious being is not interrupted by
physical death (Luke 16:19-31). For the believer his soul/spirit
is ushered immediately into the presence of Christ at physical
death (2 Corinthians 5:1-8) until the time of the Rapture when
he along with those disciples physically alive at the first phase
of our Lord's return (1 Thessalonians 4:13-17) will receive
bodies suited for a new, ultimately eternal order (1 Corinthians
15:12-58; Philippians 3:20-21). These redeemed ones all are a
part of the first resurrection (Revelation 20:4-6). The
souls/spirits of the unregenerate at physical death also
continue, but in conscious torment until the final (i.e.
"second") resurrection which will be followed by the final
judgment (Revelation 20:13-15).
Although it is difficult to organize and interrelate the two kinds
of resurrection and biblical references to the various
judgments, the overarching facts are transparently clear. All
men will experience a bodily resurrection, the saved to eternal
life and overwhelming joy, and the unsaved to eternal
separation and everlasting punishment (Daniel 12:2-3;
Matthew 25:31-46; John 5:19-29; 2 Thessalonians 1:6-11).
Cosmic eschatology comprehensively takes in both the
consummation of history and the completion of God's eternal
plan. The universal kingdom or reign of God (Psalm 145:13)
will be completely and finally established, ever to remain
unchallenged (1 Corinthians 15:24-28)
According to that dimension of His sovereign plan mediated
through time, space, and history, the final stage of His
Kingdom over the present cosmos draws nearer in an
accelerating manner. His covenant and kingdom promises are
being fulfilled in successive order. Although significant
spiritual dimensions of the kingdom have been inaugurated in
conjunction with the first coming of Christ, the King will
return again to fulfill God's many promises regarding the
nation of Israel. As it was prior to His first coming, in that it
was not easy to discern a two-staged coming of Christ from the
Old Testament Scriptures, so it will be prior to His second
coming. The two phases of His Final coming, normally
designated as "Rapture" (being caught up with the Lord) and
"Revelation" (the second coming), are most often mentioned
side-by-side without clear distinctions in New Testament
contexts (1 Thessalonians 2:19; 2 Thessalonians 2:1, 8; 2
Timothy 4:1; Titus 2:13). What is crystal clear, however, is the
fact of both the Rapture (John 14:1-3; 1 Corinthians 15:51-53;
1 Thessalonians 4:17) and the Revelation which will launch
and establish His Millennial Kingdom on earth (2 Samuel 7:1-17; Psalm 89:4,29,34; Jeremiah 31:31-34; Daniel 7:13,14;
Revelation 19:1-20:4). His two-phased coming is presented in
the New Testament as being near or imminent, although its
timing is unknown to men (Mark 13:33-37; 1 Thessalonians
5:1-11). Furthermore, as clear as the fact of the Rapture is , its
timing in relationship to Daniel's Seventieth Week or the
Tribulation remains open to at least four theological
interpretations (i.e. pre-,mid-,pre-wrath, and post-tribulation),
each exhibiting some strengths and some weaknesses. The
strongest of these seems to be either pre-tribulational or post-tribulational. However, it is impossible to be faithful to the
Word of God and also insist that any one of these views are
absolutely correct. Once again, the primary responsibility of
the true disciple is to wait expectantly and serve faithfully
until He comes.
After Christ's one thousand year reign on the throne of David,
Satan will be loosed briefly after his millennial confinement
for one more insurrection (Revelation 20:7-9). Then, he will be
defeated and eternally confined to the lake of fire (Revelation
20:10). After that the final judgment of all the unrighteous will
take place (Revelation 20:11-15), and the new heaven and new
earth will be established launching eternity (Revelation 21-22).